Networks
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The computer network is a group of computers connected to each other. Networks can be classified according to the large number of multiple personality. This article provides a glimpse of some of the types and categories, and also offers you the basic components of networks.

Introduction:


The computer network is a group of computers and other devices connected to each other. This network allows computers to communicate with each other and share resources and information. Recently, the Advanced Research Projects Agency.

ARPA ARPANET network design of the Ministry of Defense, USA. This was the first computer network in the world originated from the late sixties and early seventies.

Types of networks:


1.
The personal area network (PAN) is a network of computers used to connect to your computer close to one person only. Examples of such devices used in personal area networks: printers, faxes, telephones and PDAs (PDA) devices and scanner. The connection of this type by default ranges between 20-30 feet (ie 6-9 meters), but this is expected to increase with technological advances.
2.
Local Area Network is a network of computers covering a small area such as home, office or a small group of buildings such as school buildings or the airport. Mostly, wired LAN networks based on existing Ethernet technology, the Although there are new standards such as ITU-T G.hn offer a way to create a wireless LAN network using existing home wiring (coaxial cables and phone lines and power lines.)
3.
Wide area network (WAN) is a network of computers covering a wide area (and not linked to any network communication processes across the borders of their own capital or regional or national borders). The WAN network is a network that uses Alroatr and public channels of communication. They come in contrast to personal area networks (PANs), or networks Local Area (LANs) or academic networks (CANs), or networks of capital (MANs), which are usually confined to a room or building or a campus or metropolitan area specific (city, for example), respectively. It is the largest and most famous example of the networks WAN is the Internet. The WAN network is a network of data transfer operations that cover a wide geographical area is relatively (such as a city in another city or country other country), which is often used as transmission facilities provided by the companies known to connect remotely, such as telephone companies. In general, the technology on which networks WAN operates at the level of layers three bottom of the OSI model of reference: the physical layer (Physical layer) and specializes in communication between devices, and layer data channels (Data link layer) and shall divide the data into packets and management flow and direct, and the network layer (Network Layer) and ensure access to data and the specific destination.
4.
The communication between the networks include the link between two networks or more distinct segments of the network or through the technology common direction. This is called the command (Internetwork) (often called the Internet for short). There are two or more networks or network segments connected using devices working on the layer 3 (layer "network") of the OSI reference model such as the primary router. Any communication between networks of mutual public, private or commercial, industrial or government can also be defined as the process of communication or data transfer between networks. In practice the modern use of networks connected to each IP. There are at least three types of communication processes between networks depending on the run and in which:

Intranet

Extranet

Internet

The intranet and extranet may or may not have the connections to the Internet. If these networks are connected to the Internet, intranet or extranet will be protected by default to access the Internet without a properly documented.
2.
Intranets: Many companies today are tending to Intranet networks as a tool to share data among the staff of the company. Like other large networks, based Intranet, where contains the server that is managed. Intranet works the same way as the work of the Internet, the Intranet is a private network, and is available for public access. The users access to the network using the Internet browser, instead of using the desktop, where it is access to files, databases, e-mail, printers, and other resources via the browser, as if they were browsing the web.